As the world economy becomes more globalized, it is expected
that economic integration will continue. There are 6 stages
As the world economy becomes more globalized, it is expected
that economic integration will continue. There are 6 stages of economic
integration:
(1) preferential trading agreements,
(2) free trade
agreements,
(3) customs unions,
(4) common market,
(5) economic and monetary union, and finally,
(6) complete economic integration. Therefore, the European
Union has come a longway, reaching stage 5 in 1999. It is the major monetary
union of the approximately 20 monetary unions in the world today, and it is
referred to as the European Economic Monetary Union, or EMU. The euro has
become as important as the U.S. dollar and is being discussed as the next
international currency, either replacing the U.S. dollar or sharing the
position with the U.S. dollar as well as perhaps an Asian currency, such as the
Japanese yen or Chinese yuan. For example, several countries are buying and
selling oil in euros rather than U.S. dollars, which makes sense, given the
majority of the oil transactions involve countries that use the euro. Other
areas of the world are considering monetary unions, such as Southeast Asia and
North America. Many countries’ central banks hold U.S. dollars for transactions
involving oil and other international transactions, which also helps support
the value of the U.S. dollar.
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